I wrote:There's a fairly small p36 gun, so maybe I'll build yet another sawtooth using that. The design will have to be more complicated; with such a small period there's no room for the trigger between the pullers. But I'm sure it can be done, yielding an e.f. of 25/16.
This turned out to be more difficult than I expected, but I've finally dealt with all the problems that arose. So here's a sawtooth with expansion factor 25/16 = 1.5625, which I think is the smallest known, except for the parabolic sawtooth's e.f. of 1.
Code: Select all
#C Sawtooth with expansion factor 25/16
#C A collection of guns and other objects produces LWSS's heading
#C east toward a copperhead c/10 spaceships. The LWSS's are of
#C 2 types, pullers and triggers. The western part of the pattern
#C produces a p36 stream of salvos of 2 pullers. (But p72 guns are
#C used to produce them.) The eastern part produces triggers only
#C when needed. When a trigger hits the copperhead, it turns into
#C a blinker, which is then pulled back to the west by the pullers.
#C When it's all the way back, a new trigger is released and the
#C blinker is deleted, allowing another group of pullers to follow
#C the new trigger.
#C
#C Deletion of the blinker is aided by two p36 guns and a p6
#C oscillator, located at the east end of the salvo producer.
#C
#C The production of a trigger is governed by a p576 gun in the
#C north middle part of the pattern. The gliders from this gun are
#C usually deleted by tail sparks from the pullers. But when the
#C blinker is pulled back far enough, one or two gliders cross the
#C pullers's path and a collection of signal duplicators and
#C reflectors create the trigger.
#C
#C Define a(0)=0 and a(n)=(25*a(n-1) - 9*(a(n-1) mod 16))/16 + 65
#C for n >= 1. Then, for n >= 0, a new group of pullers heads
#C east in gen p(n) = 36*a(n). A trigger is created in gen
#C t(n) = 36*a(n) + 947 - 16*(a(n) mod 16). The trigger reaches
#C the copperhead in gen b(n) = 45*a(n) + 974 - 4*(a(n) mod 16).
#C
#C n 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
#C a(n) 0 65 166 321 566 946 1542 2471 3922 6192
#C p(n) 0 2340 5976 11556 20376 34056 55512 88956 141192 222912
#C t(n) 947 3271 6827 12487 21227 34971 56363 89791 142107 223859
#C b(n) 974 3895 8420 15415 26420 43536 70340 112141 177456 279614
#C
#C The population is minimal some time around generations p(n), and
#C depends on a(n) mod 80. I haven't checked all 80 cases, so I
#C don't know the exact minimum repeating population; it's
#C somewhere around 5970. (Even if we knew the minimum for each
#C case, we probably couldn't prove that all 80 occur infinitely
#C often.)
#C
#C The population is maximal around generations b(n), and is
#C approximately 7*b(n)/60.
#C
#C Dean Hickerson, 4/16/2016
#C
#C Credits:
#C
#C The c/10 spaceship, 'copperhead', was found by 'zdr', 3/5/2016:
#C http://www.conwaylife.com/forums/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=2057
#C
#C The glider guns, with periods 36, 72, 144, and 576, are from
#C Jason Summers's updated version of Dieter Leithner and Peter Rott
#C gun collection: http://entropymine.com/jason/life/dpguns/
#C
#C The period 8 glider reflector was found by Noam Elkies in 1998.
#C
#C The use of a block and a gun to duplicate a signal was
#C found by Dieter Leithner in 1993.
#C
#C The p6 oscillator is from the jslife collection at
#C http://entropymine.com/jason/life/p/jslife-20121230.zip
#C I don't know who found it.
x = 853, y = 248, rule = B3/S23
765b2o24b2o$765b2o24b2o$796b2o24b2o$796b2o24b2o$770b4o39b3o$770b6o36bo
3bo$773bobo34bo3b2o$774bobo6bo26bob2o$782b3o$772b2ob2o4b2ob2o$760b3o
10b3o31bo4bo20bobo2b2o$759bo2bo11bo6bobo23bo4bo19bo2bo$759bo2b2o18bobo
22bo4bo17b4obobo$759b2o2b2o17b6o41bob2o2bo$499bo21bo238b5o19b4o41b2o5b
2o$519b3o227b2o11bo43b2obo27bo$466b2o15b2o12b3obo16bo230b2o53b2o3bo24b
obo$330bo135b2o15b2o2bo8bob2o18b2o271b2o10bo3bo16b2o8bob2o$330b3o154b
3o6b2obo8b3o280b2o11b3o9bo7b2o9bo$333bo156bo3bob3o264bobo30b2o16b2o$
332b2o145bo9b2o17bobo5bo229b2o18bo9bo19b2o17b2o$473bo4b3o15bo12bo5bobo
224b2obo2bob2o10bo4bo2b2o5b2o44bobo$471bo2bo2bo2b2o10bo39b2o208bo4bo2b
2o10b2obo2bob2o4b2o44bo18b2o$470bo2bo2b2obo2bo8bobo21b3o14bo213bo19b2o
49b2o2bo4bo10b2obo2bob2o$470bo2bo3bob3o5b2o2b2o13b2o22bobo210bobo71b2o
bo2bob2o10b2o2bo4bo$237bob2o229bobo5b4o5b2o18bo22b2o289b2o19bo$232bo3b
o234bo32b3o13b2o321bobo$206bo10bo13b2o7bo103b2o144bo13bo15b2o$204b3o
10b3o12bo2b2ob2o94b3o6bo2bo143b2o$203bo5bo4bo5bo7b2ob2o2bo98bo2bo4bobo
bo142bobo$77b2obo80b2obo37bob6o4b6obo5bo7b2o96bo3bo2b3o2bo$81bo3bo79bo
3bo32bobo14bobo9bo3bo97bobob2o170b2o$77bo7b2o13bo10bo49bo7b2o13bo10bo
5b2o2bo2b2o4b2o2bo2b2o4b2obo103b2ob2o3b2o165b2o8b2o$78b2ob2o2bo12b3o
10b3o48b2ob2o2bo12b3o10b3o5b2o2bobo4bobo2b2o114b3o5bo135bo38bobo$12bo
69bo2b2ob2o7bo5bo4bo5bo51bo2b2ob2o7bo5bo4bo5bo4bobo12bobo6bo8bo232b4o
5bobo39bo4b2o$11b5obobo61b2o7bo5bob6o4b6obo49b2o7bo5bob6o4b6obo4bo14bo
5bo5b4o3bo230b3obo3bo2bo44bobo$11b2ob2obob3o12bo10bo36bo3bo9bobo14bobo
50bo3bo9bobo14bobo29bo4bo3bo229bo2bob2o2bo2bo46bo$13bobo16b3o10b3o39bo
b2o4b2o2bo2b2o4b2o2bo2b2o54bob2o4b2o2b2ob2o4b2ob2o2b2o24bo3bo8bo230b2o
2bo2bo2bo7b2o38b2o$20bobo8bo5bo4bo5bo48b2o2bobo4bobo2b2o66bob2ob2o4b2o
b2obo27b3o6bo234b3o4bo9bo2bo$14b3obob2ob2o5bob6o4b6obo31bo15bobo12bobo
54bo4bo6bob2o10b2obo19b2o16b2o94bo5b3o130bo$16bobob5o5bobo14bobo29bo3b
4o3bo7bo14bo50b3o3bo3bo7bo14bo20b2o112b2o3b2ob2o145bo2bo$23bo5b2o2bo2b
2o4b2o2bo2b2o28bo3bo6bo72b5obo3bobo34bo126b2obobo8b2o133bo2bo$31bob2o
2bo4bo2b2obo30bo8bo2b2o72bo8bo32b5o118bo2b3o2bo3bo7bo2bo23b2o87b2o18bo
bo29b2o$18b2o11bobo12bobo33bo5bo3b2o70b2o8bo31b3o3bo116bobobo4bo2bo8bo
bo24bo88b2o19bo30bo$14bob4o12bo14bo32b2o5bo3b2obo3b2o12b2o50b2o16b2o
20bo5b2o9bobo105bo2bo6b3o9bo3b2o18bobo138bobo$12b3o2bobo67bo6bo3b2o12b
2o68b2o23b4o10b2o107b2o20b2obo7b2o3b2o5b2o110b2o27b2o$24bo62bo2b4o99bo
11bo2b2o12bo130bo7bo6bobo102b2ob2o9b2o$14b2o8bo62bo2bob2o8bo88bo14b2o
145bo6bo2bo6bo102bo2bo23b2o$15bo7bobo10b3o7b2o39b2o11b2obo10b2o61bobo
11b3obo163b2o7b3o102b6ob2o18b2o$24bo11bobo7b2o45b2o6bobo74b2o11bo2b2o
29b3o131b3o113bo5bo$24bo11bob2o48b2obo2bo7bo75bo17bo27bo3bo128b3o116bo
4bo288b2o5b2o$41bo46b4o2bo98bobo32bo3b2o114b3o7b2o115bo4bo290bo5b2o$
35bo6bo44bo6bo99bo25b2o2bo3bobo2bo105bobo6bo6bo2bo6bo111bo17bo15b2o
258bobo$34bo7bo44bob2o3bo125b2o4b2o111b2o7bobo6bo7bo111b3o15b3o13b2o
259b2o$33b2o2b2ob2o46b2o3bo81bo164bo8b2o3b2o7bob2o121b2ob2o5bo22b2o
253b2o$25bo7b3o2bo50b2o2bo6bobo72bo45bo8b2obo128b2o3bo119bobobo5b2o22b
obo251bobo$25bo7b2o49b2o5bo9b2o65b2o4bobo43bobo9bobo2b2o127bobo120bobo
15b2o14bo252bo$24bobo7bo49bo2bo3bo4b2o3bo66b2o5bo4b2o33b2o2bo2bo10bo4b
o126bo2bo122bob2o14bo13b2o247bo$25bo9bo60b2o77bo3bo2bo32b2obo15bo106b
2o11bo11b2o113b2o2bo2bo2bobo6bo5b3o$25bo143bo9bo39b2o13bo2bo103bo2b6o
3bobo125b2o3bobob2obo5b3o5bo262b3obo$18b2o64bob2o8bo71bobo8bo162b2o6b
4obo131b2o3bo5bo270bob2o$18b2o10b2o47b2o2bobo9bobo65b2o2bo2bo8bobo3bo
144bobo6b3o13bob2o130b3o7b2o268b2obo$30b2o47bo4bo10bo2bo2b2o60b2obo13b
obo3bo16bobo110b2o12b2o7bo2bobo5b2o2b2ob2o130bo19b2o256bob3o$30b2o8bo
42bo15bob2o64b2o12bo4bo16b2o112bo13bo8b2o13bo153bo$18b3o9bo10bo38bo2bo
13b2o83b4o18bo112bobo27b2o4bobo154b3o256bo$13b2o2bob2o8bobo7b3o276b2o
27b2o4b2o157bo$13b2o2b2o11bobob3o158bobo$17b2o12bob4o159b2o$32bo33bo2b
o32bo2bo32bo2bo32bo2bo18bo13bo2bo14bo2bo14bo2bo14bo2bo14bo2bo14bo2bo
14bo2bo$70bo35bo35bo35bo35bo17bo17bo17bo17bo17bo17bo$7bo58bo3bo31bo3bo
31bo3bo31bo3bo31bo3bo13bo3bo13bo3bo13bo3bo13bo3bo13bo3bo13bo3bo$5b3o
59b4o32b4o32b4o32b4o32b4o14b4o14b4o14b4o14b4o14b4o14b4o$4bo3b2o$3bob2o
3bo3bobo101bobo79b2o$3bobo3b2o3bob2o17b2o82b2o78bobo$2b2obo2b3o7b2o16b
2o14bo2bo30bo32bo81bo$5bobobo6bo2b2o14bo19bo28b3o63b2o34b2o34b2o16b2o
16b2o16b2o16b2o16b2o409b2ob2o$5bobobo6b2o2bo30bo4bo13b4o9bo3b2o59b2ob
2o31b2ob2o31b2ob2o13b2ob2o13b2ob2o13b2ob2o13b2ob2o13b2ob2o407bo3b4o$4b
2ob2o9b2o26b2o3b2o2bobo11bo4bo7bob2obobo5b2o51b4o32b4o32b4o14b4o14b4o
14b4o14b4o14b4o408bo3b4o$45b2o9bob2o8bobo3bo7bobo2bo2bo4b3o16b3o32b2o
34b2o34b2o16b2o16b2o16b2o16b2o16b2o405b2o2b2o$47bo19bobo3bo7b2obo9b2ob
3o16bo601b2o2b2o$67bo16bobo8bo3bo15bo606bo3b4o$56bo2bo7bo16bobobo6b2o
2bo81b2o49b2o51b2o4b2o33bo395bo3b4o$4b2ob2o47b2o9bo2bo12b2ob2o8b3o21b
3o57b4o48b2o50bobo4b2o16b2o14bobo395b2ob2o$5bobobo22b2o34b2o50bo11b2o
31bo13bo2bobo99bo13b2o10b2o9bobo2b2o$5bobobo22bo2bo26bo58bo9b4o26b4obo
11bobo2b2o96b2obo12bo2bo8bo11b2o2bo2b2o$2b2obo2b3o50b3o66bobo2bo13bo
11b3obobo9bobo101b2obobob8o2b3o25bobo$3bobo3b2o3b2o37b2o5b2ob2o65b2o2b
obo11bob4o12bobo7b2o106bobo9b2o23b6obo347b2o24b2o111b2o$3bob2o3bo3b2o
16bob2o12b2ob3o7b3o19b2ob2o47bobo9bobob3o13bo8b3o59b2o44bobo11bo22bo5b
o296b2o24b2o24b2o24b2o58bo52bo8b2o15b2o$4bo3b2o17b2o2bobo13bo14bo21bob
obo22b2o24b2o7bobo17b2o9bobo57b2o33b2o11bo3bo5bob2o25b3o297b2o23bo2bo
40b3o65bobo49bobo8b2o15b2o$5b3o19bo4bo17bob2o30bobo24b2o23b3o8bo18b2o
10b2o59bo31bo2bo17b2o30bo307b2o16bobo39bo3bo63bo3bo48b2o15bo$7bo23bo
13bobobo2b3o26b2obo50bobo9b2o17b2o4b3o7b2o87bobo357bo2bo16bo38bo3b2o
65bo3bo60b4obo$17b2o9bo2bo13b2o35bobo2bo2bo2b2o40b2o4b2o4b2o32bobo88bo
3b2o22b2o330b2o14b2o40bob2o68bo3bo59b4o2bo$17b2obo2b3o56bob2obobo3b2o
16b3o26bo2bo3b2o27bo6bo37b3o49b2obo7bo2b2o3bo8b2o344bo2bo112bo3bo40bo
21bobo$11bo6b8o37bo19bo3b2o17b2o2bob2o29bo25b3o2b3o46bo50bo7bo2bob3obo
b2o5bo346bo2bo113bobo41b2o23bo$10bo8b4obob2o12b2o8b3o9b3o19b3o19b2o2b
2o27b2o28b2ob2obo46bo51bo7bobo2b3o4bo341b2o9bo2bo9b2o2bobo20bo4bo72bo
41bobo20bo2bo5bo$5bobo2b2obob4o8bo12b2o7bo2bo8b2ob2o6bo13bo23b2o28bobo
2bo25b2o2b2o40bo65bo6bo3bo342b3o8b2o14bo2bo19bo4bo76bo60bo2bo4bobo$4bo
2bo4b7o7bo24bo10b3o7b2o22b3o4bo37bo4bo27b2o17bo23b2o50bo21b3o368bobob
4o17bo4bo75bobo45bo13b2ob2o3bobo$4bo7b3o2bobo43bo35bo4bo35bo43b2o6bob
2o20bobo48b3o21bo319b2o12b2o9b3o25bo2b2obo98b2o44b2o14bo2bo4bo$7bo60bo
bo2b3o20bo25b2o16bo5bo37bobo8b2o69bo3bo6bo332bo2bo14bo9b2o22b2o5b2o94b
2o48bobo$2bobobo20b4o9b3o10b3o12b4obo15bobo3bo7bob2o15bobo15bo2bobo24b
2o11bo6bo2b3o70bo4b3o2bobo7bo11b3o312bo11bobo34bo23b2obo74bobo$b4o4b3o
14bo4bo7bob4o6b4obo11b2o15bo3b2obo6b2o3bobo14bo2bo13b3o2bo25b2o2b2o9b
2o5b2o73b2obob3obo2bo7bo10bo2bo284bo24b3o13bo36bobo18b2o3bo74bo5b2o$9b
2o15bo3bobo6bo2bo2bo4bo2bo2bo26b3o12bo23b2o13bo5bo26bob2ob2o3b2o81b2o
3bo3b2o2bo7bob2o9b2obo7b2o276bo55b2o18b2obo8b2o7bo3bo75b2o5b2o$10b2o
15bo3bobo3b2o4b3o4b3o4b2o32bo4bo23b3o20bo18b2o5b3o2b3o3b2o11b3o66bobo
18b2o3bo18bo2bo273b3o21b2o12b2o17bo2bo19bo9b2o8b3o$3b4o3bo22bo4bobo14b
obo5b3obo2bobo9bobo7bo14b2o10b2o12b2o2bo4bo21bo4bo92bo24bobo16bobobo
297b2o12b2o18b2o58b2o$bobobo7b2o18bo4bob6o4b6obo6bobobobo2bo6b2ob2o4bo
16b4o9b2o12b2o3bo2bobo7b2o8bo99b2o23bo2bo14b3o2bo340b2o50b2o123bo4bo2b
o$o9b2obo16bo2bo5bo5bo4bo5bo16bo6b2ob2o3bobo14bobo2bo32b2o5bo10bo3bo5b
3o82b2o29b2o8bo352b2o22bobo149bobo3b2ob2o$3bo7bo19b2o7b3o10b3o10bo14b
2o22b2o2bobo28bo12bo7bo3b4o11b2o12b2o59b2o40bobo6b2o349b2o18bo148bobo
4bo2bo$o2bo7bo30bo10bo12bo2bobobobo7b2o5bo19bobo27bo2bo5bo3bo9bo15bo2b
2o8b2o2bo60bo49bo297b2o18bo27b2obo2bob2o10bo4bo2b2o144bo5bo2bo$obo64bo
bo2bob3o4b2ob2o3b2o21b2o5b2o12b2o6b2o3b4o3bo25bo4b2o4b2o4bo101bo2bo
299b2o4b4o10b2o2b2ob3o22bo4bo2b2o10b2obo2bob2o137b2o11bo$81b2ob2o3b5o
17b3o4bo2b2o8b2o2bo15bo25b2o3bob2o4b2obo3b2o100b3o299b2o2b2ob3o10b2o4b
4o26bo19b2o139bo2bo12bobo$81bobo5b2ob2o16bobo5bo4b2o4b2o4bo27b2o6b2o5b
obo14bobo5b3o94b4o301bo19b2o27bobo177bo2b4o$90bo19b2o4b2o3bob2o4b2obo
3b2o5bo19b3ob3obo6bob6o4b6obo7bo30b3o63b3o513bo2bo13bob4o$80b3o34bobo
14bobo5b5obobo11bo2bob2o2bo7bo5bo4bo5bo7bo30bo2bo63bo2bo513bo2bo13bo$
80bo36bob6o4b6obo5b2ob2obob3o7bo2b2obo2bo10b3o10b3o3bo38bo57bo523bobo
18b2o$118bo5bo4bo5bo8bobo13bob3ob3o13bo10bo5b2o37bo57b2o6bobo477b2o35b
o19b2o$119b3o10b3o16bobo5b2o6b2o29bobo34bobo68bo477b2o48bo$121bo10bo
12b3obob2ob2o138bo2b3o520b2o12bo$147bobob5o137bobobo522b2o5bob2obo$
154bo138bo2bo530b2obo$63b2o64b2o6b2o155b2o7bob2o519bo4b4o$62b3o39bo10b
o13b3ob3obo165bo2bo387b2o5bo125b2o$63bobo6b3o18b2o7b3o10b3o10bo2bob2o
2bo165b3o388b2o6b2o128bobo$63b2o2bo8bo16b2o6bo5bo4bo5bo7bo2b2obo2bo
565b2o128b3o$63b3obo3bo4bo16b2o5bob6o4b6obo6bob3ob3o139b2o555b2o$67b2o
6bo18bo5bobo14bobo5b2o6b2o138b2o555bobo$63b2o7b2o19bobo3b2o3bob2o4b2ob
o3b2o154bo554b2o$67b2o3bo15b3obobo6bo4b2o4b2o4bo187b2o$63b2o7bo15b4obo
7bo2b2o8b2o2bo15bo171bo$64bob3o3bo19bo9b2o12b2o11b4o3bo48b3o119b3o495b
2o13b2o$64bo2b2o55b3o5bo3bo50bo121bo495bobo12bo2bo2b2o$66bobo67bo49bo
618bo20b2o$67b3o5bo52bo4bo47bo638bo2bo$67b2o7b2o8bo15b2o11b3o3b3o2b3o
5b2o45b2o111b2o13bo2bo460b2o44bo2bo$75bo8b2o16b2o17b2ob2obo52bobo93bo
13b2obo15bo462bobo44bobo$86bo19b2o5b2o8b2o2b2o146b2o13b2o2bo2bo10bo4bo
460bo45bo$105bo6bo2b3o8b2o117b2o18b3o8bo18bobo9bobo2b2o$91b2o13bobo8b
2o124bo2bo16bo8b2obo20bo8b2obo511b2o$69bo13bo6b4o12b2o6bob2o145bo4bo2b
o4bo543b2o$67b3o11bobo5bobo2bo20bo6b2o140bo10bo19b2o552b2o$66bo3b2o10b
2o5b2o2bobo25b2o2b2o116b2obo19b2o3b2o22b2o4bo3bo2bo518b2o20b3o$65bob2o
3bo3b2o16bobo25bob2ob2o116bobo2b2o15bo7b2o24bo5b2o514b2o2b2o2b2o10b2o
2bo2bobo$65bobo4bo3b2o18b2o23b3o2b3o117bo4bo15bo4bo19b2o7bo521b2o2bo2b
obo10b2o2b2o2b2o$64b2obobobo23b3o23bo33b2o90bo19bo3bo4bo14b2o324bo20bo
24b2o164b3o15b2o$67bo3bo22bobo46b2o10bo91bo2bo21bob2o17bo3b3o3b3o310b
2o18b3o24b2o2b2o160b2o$67bob2o23b2o27b3o4b2o10bo2bo11bo113bo343bob2o
16bo31bobo132b2o$66b2ob2o47b2o10b2o9bo2bobo6b5o99bo7b2o4b2o28b2o311b3o
2bo15b2o31bo2b2o129b2o$80bo37bobo9b2o9b3o2bo2bo3bo6bo6b3o80bobo4bo7b3o
3bo9bo18b3o313bobobo199b2o8b2o$79b4o36b3o8bo15bobobo5b5o8bo66b3o11b3o
7bo4bobo12b2o4b4o11bo315bobobo43b2o2bo3bo142bo2bo2bo7b2o7b2o$78bo3bo
37b2o7bobo7b3ob2obobo2bo4bo11bo66bo2bo12b2o7bo18bo3bo6bo11bo315bo2b3o
15b2o25bo2bo4bo141bo3b2o16bob2o$77bo3b2o35bobo9bobob3obo2b2o3b2o4bo3bo
bo4bo74bo40b2ob2o4b3o10b3o315b2obo16b2o22b3o5bobobo139b3o18b3obo$66b2o
b2o7b3o32b2o2bobo11bob4ob2o3bo2bo7bo2b2o4b2o73bo41bob2o17b2o317b2o41bo
8bobobo159b2ob2o$67bob2o7bo5bo20bo7bobo2bo13bo11b2obo6bo7bobo70bobo7b
2o23bo9bo12b2o325bo3bo48bo4bo134b3ob3o19b2o3bo$67bo3bo7bobob2o20bobo6b
4o30b6o93bob2o19b3o7bo12b2o3b3o3b3o4b2o310bobo48bo3bo134b3ob2o18bobo2b
2o$64b2obobobo10bobo20b2o8b2o126bo2bo2b2o17b2o3bo7b2o27bo313b2o187b2o
2b2o19bo2bo$65bobo4bo7b2o161bobo13bobo5bobob2obo6bo20bo10bo306b2o53b2o
136b2ob3o22b3o$65bob2o3bo28bo142bo23bobobobo27bo6bo3bo305bobo190b3ob3o
23bo$66bo3b2o27bobo155bobo2bo9bob2o3bo14bo7bo3b4o3bo305bo5b2o110bo$67b
3o30b2o34b2o106b2o10b2obo9bo2bo5bobo12bobo15bo306b2o5b2o111b2o74b3o$
69bo64b2ob2o105b2o3bobo5bo3bo8bobo5b2o2bobo4bobo2b2o441b2o71b2o3bo$
134b4o30b2o38bo40b2o7b4o7b2ob2o2b2o2bo2b2o4b2o2bo2b2o511bo2bo2bo$76bo
2bo13b2o9b2o29b2o30bobo36b3o41bo8bo17bobo14bobo5b3obo2bobo498b2o$79bo
15bob2o6b2o58b3o37bo3b2o66bob6o4b6obo6bobobobo2bo489b2o24b2o$75bo4bo
10bo2bo2b2o5bo56b2obo3bo35bob2o3bo3b2o61bo5bo4bo5bo16bo489b2o24b2o$75b
2o2bobo9bobo65bo5bob2o35bobo4bo3b2o62b3o10b3o10bo$80bob2o8bo56b3o7bo5b
o37b2obobobo58b2ob2o7bo10bo12bo2bobobobo$151bo7bo5bob2o37bo3bo59bobo
33bobo2bob3o423b2o$92b2o56bo10b2obo3bo37bob2o59bo2bo466b2o2b2o$80bo2bo
3bo4b2o71b3o37b2ob2o62bob2o319b2o19bo126bobo$80b2o5bo79bobo92b2o4bobob
obo316b4o4b2o10b3ob2o2b2o123bo3bo$87bo80b2o92b2o3bobob2obo316b3ob2o2b
2o10b4o4b2o3b3o120b2o$193bo74b2o3bo322bo18b2o9bo114b2o3bob2o$83b3o3b3o
91bo8b2o76b3o352bo116bo2b3o2bo$162b2o19bo9bo11b2ob2o9b2o6b2o41bo369b2o
97b3o5bobobo$86b2o73bo2bo16bob2o4b2obo13bob2o8bo2bo4bobo4b2o405b2o97bo
8bobobo$86b3o7bo64bo18b2o6bo4bo12bo3bo6b2ob2o6bo4bobo362b2o12b2o135bo
2b3o$87bo7b2o4b4o56bo22bo7bo10b2obobobo6bobo14b3o18b2o13bo2bo324b2o12b
2o136b2obo$86bo7bo3bo6bo47b3o5bobo3bo15b2o3b2o14bobo4bo3b3o17b2o9bo4b
2obo15bo364b3o113b2o$85b3o6b2ob2o4b3o46bo2bo6bobo3bo15b2o6b2o10bob2o3b
o3b2o16bobo9b2o4b2o2bo2bo10bo4bo334b3o21bo117bo$86b2o7bob2o56bo7bo4bo
14b3o3bo15bo3b2o17b2o2bobo10bobo8bobo9bobo2b2o333bo22b3o$95bo12b2o45bo
8b4o20bo4bo12b3o19bobo2bo23bo8b2obo338bo2bo19bo$76b2o4b3o3b3o4bo12b2o
42bobo34bob2o15bo7bobo10b4o376b2o12b2o5bo3bo$78bo17b2o82bo7bo26bo3bo
10b2o24b2o364bo2bo4bo2bo$75bo10bo9bo34b3o37bo7b3o6b2o35bo30b2o8bo2bo
351bo3bo5b2o$75bo3bo6bo46bo36b3o5b2ob2o5bo23b2o5b4ob2obo34bo5b2o354bo$
75bo3b4o3bo7bo14bo22bo36b2ob2o5b3o29bo3bo7bo4bo32b3o358b3o$77bo15bobo
12bobo59b3o7bo25b2o3bo4bo7bo3bo31bobobo357bo$93b2o2bobo4bobo2b2o60bo
34b3o3bob2ob4o5b2o24bobo4b3ob3o352b3o$91b2o2bo2b2o4b2o2bo2b2o50bo2bo
38bobo6bo33bo3bobo5bobobo$77bobo2bob3o5bobo14bobo51bo23bo15bo2b2o12bo
3bo23bobo3bo6b3o$76bo2bobobobo6bob6o4b6obo50bo4bo19b3o13bob3o3bo9bobo
7bo15b2o3bo9bo351b2o24b2o$76bo16bo5bo4bo5bo50bobo2b2o17b2o3bo11b2o7bo
15b4obo12bobo3bo2bo359b2o24b2o$83bo10b3o10b3o49b2obo21bo3b2obo14b2o3bo
15b3obobo11b2o5b2o$74bobobobo2bo12bo10bo63bo3bo8b2o3bobo10b2o7b2o19bob
o28bo$73b3obo2bobo88b2ob2o8b3o2bob2o13b2o6bo18bo16b3o9b3o$159bo2bo9bob
2o3b2o4bobobo12b3obo3bo4bo16b2o6b2o8bobo8bobobo$161b2o9bo6bobo3bobobo
12b2o2bo8bo16b2o6b2o10bo7b3ob3o5b2o$125bo48bo4bo6b2ob2o11bobo6b3o18b2o
27bobobo5bo$123b3o46bo2bo4bo20b3o58b3o9bo$122bo3b2o44bo29b2o59bo6bo3bo
$121bob2o3bo3b2o28bobo8bobo64bo14bo11b4o3bo$113b3o5bobob3o4b2o28b2o12b
o62bobo12bobo15bo$115bo4b2obo2bo36bo11b2o9b2ob2o48b2o2bobo4bobo2b2o$
114bo8bo61bobobo47b2o2bo2b2o4b2o2bo2b2o4b2obo$123bobo59bobobo48bobo14b
obo9bo3bo$122b2ob2o9b2o46b3o2bob2o45bob6o4b6obo5bo7b2o$135bo2bo9b2o29b
2o3b2o3bobo47bo5bo4bo5bo7b2ob2o2bo$97bo40bo8bobo29b2o3bo3b2obo48b3o10b
3o12bo2b2ob2o$82b2o12bob4o32bo14bo35b2o3bo51bo10bo13b2o7bo$78b2o2b2o
11bobob3o30b3o3b2o47b3o78bo3bo430b2o5b2o$78b2o2bob2o8bobo25b2ob2o5bo5b
o20bo27bo85bob2o426b2o5bo$83b3o9bo27bobo6b3o15b2o6b2o548bobo$95b2o26bo
12bo2bo2bo7b2o6bobo8bo2bo535b2o$95b2o23b2obo2bo10b5o8b2o20bo531b2o$83b
2o10b2o24bobob3o10b3o10bo16bo4bo13b4o513bobo$83b2o36bob2o3bo21bobo15b
2o2bobo11bo4bo513bo$90bo31bo3b2o17b3obobo21bob2o8bobo3bo517bo$90bo18bo
13b3o19b4obo33bobo3bo517b3o$89bobo18bo14bo23bo34bo522b3obo$90bo4b3o12b
2o61bo2bo7bo523bo3bo$90bo6bo8bo2b3o61b2o4b2o3bo2bo521bo3bo$96bo6b2ob2o
2b2o29bo37bobo3b2o523bob3o$102bo7bo21bo6b2ob2o33b2o519b2o11b3o$102bo6b
o13b2o5b2ob2o6bo35b3o514b2o2b2o12bo$103bo19b3o6bo44b2o514bobo$89bo15b
2obo13bobo53b2o514bo$89bo7b2o7bobo11bo2b2o53b2o$80bo7bobo6b2o7b3o11bob
3o23b2o10b2o15b3o510b2o4b2o$79b2o8bo29b2o6b3o14b2o2b2o9b2obo15b2o2bo
505bob2o4bo$89bo33b2o2b2o15b2o2bob2o7bo2bo13b3ob2o505bo9b3o$77b3o2bobo
34b2o7b2o19b3o6bo2bo14b2o2b3o507bo8bo$79bob4o12bo14bo10b2o3bo28b2ob2o
18b2o504b2obo$83b2o11bobo12bobo5b3obo7b2o38b2o7b2o504b2o$96bob2o2bo4bo
2b2obo5b2o2bo4b2obo17b2o6b2o12b2o8b2o6bo$88bo5b2o2bo2b2o4b2o2bo2b2o3bo
bo7bo19b2o29b3o6b2o$81bobob5o5bobo14bobo3b3o8bo51b2o$79b3obob2ob2o5bob
6o4b6obo4b2o57bobo4bobo2b3o$85bobo8bo5bo4bo5bo43b3o10b3o6b2o4b4obo$78b
obo16b3o10b3o43bob4o6b4obo11b2o$76b2ob2obob3o12bo10bo45bo2bo2bo4bo2bo
2bo$76b5obobo69b2o4b3o4b3o4b2o4b2obo$77bo77bobo14bobo9bo3bo$155bob6o4b
6obo5bo7b2o$156bo5bo4bo5bo7b2ob2o2bo$157b3o10b3o12bo2b2ob2o$159bo10bo
13b2o7bo$185bo3bo$190bob2o!
I doubt that the expansion factor can be reduced much more using copperheads. Probably a p34 version could be built, giving e.f. 49/32 = 1.53125, but p34 and p68 guns are so large that I don't want to build it. There might be a salvo of spaceships that can pull something faster than the blinker is pulled here, but I haven't found one.
A slower orthogonal spaceship (with an appropriate tail spark) could lead to a smaller e.f. In general, if a sawtooth is built using spaceships of speed alpha*c that catch up with a spaceship of speed beta*c, and salvos are produced every P gens which pull some object N units, then the e.f. is 1 + alpha*beta*P / ((alpha-beta)*N). So we could get arbitrarily close to 1 if beta is close to 0.